Explosive.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS G. M. ADIN'A'U', OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AS SIGNOR'TO ADINAUCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CALIEORNIA.

EXPLOSIVE.

Patented Mar. 18, 1 913.

' 1,056 389. 7 Specification of Letters Patent.

No Drawing. Application filed April 25,1912. Serial No. 693,180.

To all whom it may concern plosives, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to explosive's'and particularly to that classknown as safety explosives which can only be fired by the use of adetonator, with the exclusion of those explosives intended to lessen thedanger of the explosion of fire-damp in coal mines.

The object of my invention is to provide a safety explosive which is notviolently abrupt in its action and which produces a pushing rather thana breaking effect.

Another object of my invention is to provide an explosive which is verysensitive to the action of the fulminating cap, so that it alwaysexplodes when the cap is fired, there by obviating the dangers ofmis-fires.

A further object of the invention is to provide a non-hygroscopic safetyexplosive.

The invention relates particularly to that class of explosives whichcontain a nitrate as a burning ingredient and a nitrated hydrocarbon asa combustible ingredient. The nitrate heretofore used has generally beenammonium nitrate, which even when mixed with a hydrocarbon such astrinitrotoluene is ver hygroscopic, a feature which proves veryetrimental when the explosive is used in soft or damp ground. Theexplosive formed of ammonium nitrate and the -nitrated hydrocarbon isvery abrupt in its action and when used in soft ground projects a smallpart of the ground outward violently. The explosive of the presentinvention overcomes these deleterious effects and at the same timeretains all of the safety quality of the ammonium nitrate compound. Theexplosive is produced by mixing and incorporating together bariumnitrate and trinitrotoluene. These ingredients, when combined, producean explosive which 'is Y entirely satisfactory in regard to density,

safety and non-hygroscopicity and by the proper proportionin of theamounts of each ingredient entering into the mixture an ex- -plosivehaving the desired properties may be obta ned. The proportion of theingredients w-hlch I have found preferable are:

Barium nitrate 70.71 parts vTrinitrotoluene 29. 29

This mixture or compound may be readily fired with a strong fulminatingcap and when fired produces a pushing rather than ground will slightlylift and loosen a larger -volume of ground instead of projecting arelatively small volume at a high velocityexplosive. The proportion of;the ingredients which I have found preferable are: Barium nitrate 69. 30parts Trinitrotoluene 28. 7 0 Lead chromate 2.-00

I claim: I I

1. An explosive mixture composed of barium nitrate, trinitrotoluene anda small proportion of a chromate.

2. An explosive mixture composed exclusively of substantially 6930 partsbarium parts lead chromate.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco,California, this 18th day of April 1912.

LOUIS e. M. ADINAU.

In presence of- -H. G. PRos'r,

P. S. PIDWELL.

a breaking effect and when used in soft I have found, however, that whena weak nitrate, 28.70 parts trinitrotoluene and 2.00

